[Ubuntu18.04][Django2.2] 실습 05 : 본격적인 뷰 작성 - 1

 

1. 뷰 작성

vim polls_203/views.py 에서 detail, results, vote 함수를 추가해준다.

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse

# Create your views here.

def index44(request):
    return HttpResponse("Hello, user. You're at the polls index4and4~!^^.")

def detail(request, question_id):
    return HttpResponse("You're looking at question %s." % question_id)

def results(request, question_id):
    response = "You're looking at the results of question %s."
    return HttpResponse(response % question_id)

def vote(request, question_id):
    return HttpResponse("You're voting on question %s." % question_id)

 

 

 

2. 새로운 뷰 urls 모듈로 연결

vim polls_203/urls.py 에서 기존 polls_203 뷰 연결 줄 외에 추가로 3줄을 넣어준다.

from django.urls import path
  
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    # ex: /polls/
    path('', views.index44, name='sample_of_index'),
    # ex: /polls_203/5/
    path('<int:question_id>', views.detail, name='detail'),
    # ex: /polls_203/5/results/
    path('<int:question_id>/results/', views.results, name='results'),
    # ex: /polls_203/5/vote/
    path('<int:question_id>/vote/', views.vote, name='vote'),
    ]

 

 

 

3. run server 후 웹에서 접속 시도

./start_djangoserver_ver1.0.0.sh

http://999.888.777.666:8080/polls_203/5/

http://999.888.777.666:8080/polls_203/5/vote/

http://999.888.777.666:8080/polls_203/5/results/

http://999.888.777.666:8080/polls_203/33/

정상적으로 view단에 작성한 내용들이 출력될 것이다.

 

 

 

4. 뷰가 실제로 무언가를 하게 만들어보자.

vim polls_203/views.py 에서 import Question 라인과 index44 함수 수정을 하였다.

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse

from .models import Question


# Create your views here.

def index44(request):
    lastest_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
    output = ', '.join([q.question_text for q in latest_question_list])
    #return HttpResponse("Hello, user. You're at the polls index4and4~!^^.")
    return HttpResponse(output)

def detail(request, question_id):
    return HttpResponse("You're looking at question %s." % question_id)

def results(request, question_id):
    response = "You're looking at the results of question %s."
    return HttpResponse(response % question_id)

def vote(request, question_id):
    return HttpResponse("You're voting on question %s." % question_id)

수정하여 runserver restart 후 polls_203에 접속해보면 아무것도 출력되지 않을 것이다. output 값이 없기 때문에 아무것도 출력이 되지 않는 것이며, 정상적으로 설정한 것이니 걱정하지 않아도 된다.

 

 

 

5. 간단한 html view 파일 생성하기

mkdir -p polls_203/templates/polls/

vim polls_203/templates/polls/index.html

{% if latest_question_list %}
    <ul>
    {% for question in latest_question_list %}
        <li><a href="/polls/{{ question.id }}/">{{ question.question_text }}</a></li>
    {% endfor %}
    </ul>
{% else %}
    <p>No polls are available.</p>
{% endif %}

 

 

 

6. 5번 항목에서 생성한 index.html 템플릿을 불러온 후, context를 전달

context는 템플릿에서 쓰이는 변수명과 Python 객체를 연결하는 사전형 값임

vim polls_203/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse

from .models import Question


# Create your views here.

def index44(request):
    latest_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
    template = loader.get_template('polls/index.html')
    context = {
        'latest_question_list': latest_question_list,
    }
    return HttpResponse(template.render(context, request))


    #output = ', '.join([q.question_text for q in latest_question_list])
    #return HttpResponse("Hello, user. You're at the polls index4and4~!^^.")
    #return HttpResponse(output)

def detail(request, question_id):
    return HttpResponse("You're looking at question %s." % question_id)

def results(request, question_id):
    response = "You're looking at the results of question %s."
    return HttpResponse(response % question_id)

def vote(request, question_id):
    return HttpResponse("You're voting on question %s." % question_id)

 

 <<< render를 이용한 더 간단한 설정 >>>

아래와 같은 코드로 위 설정을 대체할 수 있다.

def index44(request):
    latest_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
    context = {'latest_question_list': latest_question_list}
    return render(request, 'polls/index.html', context)